What is TPS?

The math is plain: transactions in a window divided by the window's length in seconds. The window changes the answer. A few recent blocks give a live reading that jumps around, and a full day gives an average that hides the spikes. Base makes a block every 2 seconds, so five blocks cover about 10 seconds of traffic.

It is a rough way to compare chains. One transaction can be a single transfer or a bundle of many actions, which is why L2BEAT also reports UOPS, user operations per second, a count that includes the actions bundled inside a transaction. Solana's raw TPS counts the vote transactions validators send to reach consensus, so dashboards often print non-vote TPS beside it.

High TPS does not mean high demand. Bots and spam add transactions too. When Clanker took off in November 2024, Base set a record of 11.4 million transactions in a day, and many of them reverted.

Take a made-up day with 8.64 million transactions. Divided by 86,400 seconds, that is an average of 100 TPS. If the last five Base blocks held 1,500 transactions between them, the live reading is 150 TPS, 50% above the day's average.

Also called: transactions per second, throughput.

Chain pulse shows live TPS for Base or Robinhood Chain, counted over the newest 5 Base blocks or 30 Robinhood Chain blocks, next to a full-day average from L2BEAT, that day's transaction count and a line of daily counts. The L2BEAT figure is plain transactions, not UOPS. Solana pulse shows Solana's TPS with non-vote TPS under it.

• Chain pulse
• Solana pulse

• Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org

• Block time
• Block height
• Layer 2
• Gas fees